Pope's Encyclical On Environmental Protection Issued; Republican Presidential Candidates May Be Pressed

The Vatican this morning released Pope Francis' much anticipated Encyclical Laudato Si: On Care For Our Common Home, as well as a Press Guide to the lengthy document.  The Encyclical begins:

1. “LAUDATO SI’, mi’ Signore” – “Praise be to you, my Lord”. In the words of this beautiful canticle, Saint Francis of Assisi reminds us that our common home is like a sister with whom we share our life and a beautiful mother who opens her arms to embrace us....

2. This sister now cries out to us because of the harm we have inflicted on her by our irresponsible use and abuse of the goods with which God has endowed her. We have come to see ourselves as her lords and masters, entitled to plunder her at will. The violence present in our hearts, wounded by sin, is also reflected in the symptoms of sickness evident in the soil, in the water, in the air and in all forms of life. This is why the earth herself, burdened and laid waste, is among the most abandoned and maltreated of our poor....

In an article earlier this week, the New York Times suggests that the Encyclical will put pressure on Catholic Republican candidates for President who have questioned scientific findings on human causes of climate change and opposed policies to tax or regulate the burning of fossil fuels. These include Jeb Bush and Marco Rubio who "have courted influential and deep-pocketed donors, such as the billionaire brothers Charles G. and David H. Koch, who vehemently oppose such climate policies." Other announced or likely Catholic candidates are Rick Santorum, Bobby Jindal and Chris Christie.  AP reports that, speaking to reporters yesterday, Jeb Bush said:

I go to church to have my faith nourished, to have my faith challenged.  That's why I go to Mass. I don't go to Mass for economic policy or for things in politics.

More Preliminary Details of Pope's September U.S. Visit Emerge

Preliminary details of Pope Francis' itinerary during his September visit to the United States are becoming known.  From a report by CBS/AP on the Pope's news conference yesterday and a report by the Washington Times on details disclosed by Archbishop Bernardito Auza, the Pontiff's likely schedule so far looks like this:

Washington D.C. Sept. 22-24:

• Arrival- evening of  Sept. 22
• Welcoming ceremony at White House- morning of Sept. 23
• Mass at Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception (for bishops, consecrated and religious men and women, seminarians and representatives from humanitarian and Catholic charitable organizations).  At the Mass, the Pope will canonize 17th-century founder of the first Missions in California, Junipero Serra- later on Sept. 23
• Address to Joint Session of Congress- Sept. 23 or 24
• Leave for New York-afternoon of Sept. 24

New York- Sept. 24-26

• Address to United Nations General Assembly (including opening of Post-2015 Sustainable Development Summit, with many heads of state attending)- morning of Sept. 25
• Mass in Madison Square Garden
• Visit to Ground Zero Memorial
• Visit to St. Patrick's Cathedral
• Inter-ethnic meeting
• Leave for Philadelphia- early morning of Sept. 26

Philadelphia (World Meeting of Families)- Sept. 26-27

• Prayer Vigil- Sept. 26
• Visit to a children's hospital or juvenile prison
• Mass- Sept. 27
• Depart for Rome- evening of Sept. 27

Even with this ambitious schedule, there were things that had to be omitted.  The Pope said he would have liked to enter the U.S. through the Mexican border "as a sign of brotehrhood and help to the immigrants." But, he joked: ..."going to Mexico without going to visit the Madonna (of Guadalupe) would be a drama. A war could break out!"

Pope Francis Visiting Turkey Decries ISIL Violence

Pope Francis is in the midst of a 3-day visit to Turkey.  Yesterday in Ankara he spoke to religious and political leaders in an address to the Presidency of Religious Affairs, the "Diyanet." (Full text of speech). He said in part:

Especially tragic is the situation in the Middle East, above all in Iraq and Syria. Everyone suffers the consequences of these conflicts, and the humanitarian situation is unbearable..... Particular concern arises from the fact that, owing mainly to an extremist and fundamentalist group, entire communities, especially – though not exclusively – Christians and Yazidis, have suffered and continue to suffer barbaric violence simply because of their ethnic and religious identity. They have been forcibly evicted from their homes.... This violence has also brought damage to sacred buildings, monuments, religious symbols and cultural patrimony, as if trying to erase every trace, every memory of the other.

As religious leaders, we are obliged to denounce all violations against human dignity and human rights.... [A]ny violence which seeks religious justification warrants the strongest condemnation because the Omnipotent is the God of life and peace. The world expects those who claim to adore God to be men and women of peace who are capable of living as brothers and sisters, regardless of ethnic, religious, cultural or ideological differences.

Pope Francis Addresses European Parliament and Council of Europe

Pope Francis yesterday delivered a lengthy address (full text) to the European Parliament in Strasbourg, France. As reported by Vatican Radio, the Pope spoke of the importance of Christian values to Europe. He said in part:

Today, the promotion of human rights is central to the commitment of the European Union to advance the dignity of the person, both within the Union and in its relations with other countries....

At the same time, however, care must be taken not to fall into certain errors which can arise from a misunderstanding of the concept of human rights and from its misuse.  Today there is a tendency to claim ever broader individual rights; underlying this is a conception of the human person as detached from all social and anthropological contexts....  The equally essential and complementary concept of duty no longer seems to be linked to such a concept of rights. ....

To our dismay we see technical and economic questions dominating political debate, to the detriment of genuine concern for human beings. Men and women risk being reduced to mere cogs in a machine that treats them as items of consumption to be exploited, with the result that – as is so tragically apparent – whenever a human life no longer proves useful for that machine, it is discarded with few qualms, as in the case of the terminally ill, the elderly who are abandoned and uncared for, and children who are killed in the womb.

Later yesterday, the Pope gave a second address to the Council of Europe. (Full text.) As reported by Vatican Radio, his talk addressed many of the challenges facing Europe today.

A day before the Pope's visit, the radical feminist group FEMEN staged a protest in the Strasbourg Cathedral. According to FEMEN's webiste:

Today, the day before Pope's venue, FEMEN sextremists climbed the altar in Strasbourg Cathedral and installed a European flag as a symbol of new union between European political power and Catholic Church with it's Vatican. Symbolically, the protest took place in the only region of France where the state and church are not separated by law, Alsace region. The activist was carring a slogan "Antisecular Europe" on her chest to denounce the betrayer of secular ideas by the EU Parliament that invited the Pope.

Lifesite News reports on the topless demonstration.

Pope Francis Confirms Planned September U.S. Visit

The New York Times, Vatican Radio and other media reported yesterday that Pope Francis has confirmed that he will make his first Papal Visit to the United States in September to attend the World Meeting of Families in Philadelphia. No other stops in the U.S. have been confirmed, but the Vatican's United Nations representative says the trip will also include a visit to New York. The Pope announced his visit while speaking in Rome at a Colloquium on Complementarity of Man and Woman sponsored by the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith.  The U.S. trip is hardly a surprise since, as previously reported, last July Philadelphia Archbishop Chaput confirmed it.

Pope Francis Creates New Judicial Body To Speed Up Sex Abuse Claims

Religion News Service and Vatican Radio report that Pope Francis has created a new 7-member judicial body within the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith to speed up the handling of complaints against priests alleging sexual abuse of minors.  The new body will deal with cases initially screened by local bishops. It will also deal with serious abuses of the Sacrament of Penance.  Complaints against bishops will continue to be handled by the full Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith. The full text of the Pope's rescript which came into force yesterday is available in Italian.

Pope Francis Affirms Consistency of Bible With Evolutionary Theory

As reported by Vatican Radio, Pope Francis yesterday delivered an address to the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, dedicating a bust of his predecessor Benedict XVI in the Academy building. His address (full text) affirmed the consistency of the Biblical account of creation and modern science's understanding of evolution.  He said in part:

When we read in Genesis the account of Creation, we risk imagining that God was a magician, with such a magic wand as to be able to do everything. However, it was not like that. He created beings and left them to develop according to the internal laws that He gave each one, so that they would develop, and reach their fullness. He gave autonomy to the beings of the universe at the same time that He assured them of his continual presence, giving being to every reality. And thus creation went forward for centuries and centuries, millennia and millennia until it became what we know today, in fact because God is not a demiurge or a magician, but the Creator who gives being to all entities. The beginning of the world was not the work of chaos, which owes its origin to another, but it derives directly from a Supreme Principle who creates out of love. The Big-Bang, that is placed today at the origin of the world, does not contradict the divine intervention but exacts it. The evolution in nature is not opposed to the notion of Creation, because evolution presupposes the creation of beings that evolve.

Pope Francis In Albania Speaks On Religious Violence and Religious Freedom

Pope Francis, on a visit to Albania yesterday, spoke at the Catholic University of Tirana to leaders of various faith communities on issues of religious freedom and religious violence.  Vatican Radio reports the full text of his speech. The Pope said in part:

We cannot deny that intolerance towards those with different religious convictions is a particularly insidious enemy, one which today is being witnessed in various areas around the world.... [A]ll those forms which present a distorted use of religion, must be firmly refuted as false since they are unworthy of God or humanity. Authentic religion is a source of peace and not of violence! No one must use the name of God to commit violence! To kill in the name of God is a grave sacrilege. To discriminate in the name of God is inhuman.

Seen in this light, religious freedom is not a right which can be guaranteed solely by existing legislation, although laws are necessary. Rather religious freedom is a shared space, an atmosphere of respect and cooperation that must be built with everyone’s participation, even those who have no religious convictions. Allow me to outline two attitudes which can be especially helpful in the advancement of this fundamental freedom.

The first attitude is that of regarding every man and woman, even those of different religious traditions, not as rivals, less still enemies, but rather as brothers and sisters. When a person is secure of his or her own beliefs, there is no need to impose or put pressure on others.... 

The second attitude which fosters the promotion of religious freedom is the work done in service of the common good....  The more men and women are at the service of others, the greater their freedom!

Even Congratulating The Pope Has Fallen Victim To Politics

The Hill reported yesterday that the seemingly routine H. Res. 440, a House Resolution that would congratulate Pope Francis on his election last March and recognize his inspirational statements and actions, has fallen victim to politics. The Resolution has not emerged from the House Foreign Affairs Committee, and only 19 of its 221 co-sponsors are Republicans. Apparently at least some Republicans see the Pope as too liberal.  The Resolution was intended to reinforce House Speaker John Boehner's invitation to the Pope to address a joint session of Congress. (See prior posting.) The Pope plans to visit the United States in September 2015. (See prior posting.)

Pope Francis To Visit U.S. In September 2015

Catholic News Service today reports that Pope Francis has accepted an invitation to visit the United States to attend the 2015 World Meeting of Families.  The announcement was made by Philadelphia Archbishop Charles J. Chaput.  The Meeting will be held in Philadelphia from Sept. 22-27, 2015. A Vatican spokesman said that the Pope is considering invitations to visit elsewhere in the U.S. as well as part of his trip, including possibly New York, the United Nations and Washington, DC. Official confirmation from the Vatican is not expected until six months before the planned trip.

Pope Hosts Prayer Summit With Israeli, Palestinian Presidents

As reported by the New York Times, yesterday Pope Francis hosted a "prayer summit" in the Vatican bringing together Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas and Israeli President Shimon Peres. Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew of Constantinople, head of Orthodox Christians, also attended the ceremony held in a garden behind St. Peter’s Basilica. Vatican Radio has the full text of the remarks of the Pope, President Abbas and President Peres.

Obama and Pope Francis Meet At The Vatican

As reported by AP, President Obama today met with Pope Francis at the Vatican. The Vatican Press Office issued a statement (full text) after the meetings, reading in part:

During the cordial meetings, views were exchanged on some current international themes and it was hoped that, in areas of conflict, there would be respect for humanitarian and international law and a negotiated solution between the parties involved. In the context of bilateral relations and cooperation between Church and State, there was a discussion on questions of particular relevance for the Church in that country, such as the exercise of the rights to religious freedom, life and conscientious objection, as well as the issue of immigration reform. Finally, the common commitment to the eradication of trafficking of human persons in the world was stated.

The White House released excerpts from the President's press conference on his audience with the Pope.  They read in part:

... [W]e had a wide-ranging discussion.  I would say that the largest bulk of the time was discussing two central concerns of his.  One is the issues of the poor, the marginalized, those without opportunity, and growing inequality.... 

And then we spent a lot of time talking about the challenges of conflict and how illusive peace is around the world....  I reaffirmed that it is central to U.S. foreign policy that we protect the interests of religious minorities around the world....

In terms of domestic issues, the two issues that we touched on -- other than the fact that I invited and urged him to come to the United States, telling him that people would be overjoyed to see him -- was immigration reform.... I described to him how I felt that there was still an opportunity for us to make this right and get a law passed.

And he actually did not touch in detail on the Affordable Care Act.  In my meeting with the Secretary of State, Cardinal Parolin, we discussed briefly the issue of making sure that conscience and religious freedom was observed in the context of applying the law.  And I explained to him that most religious organizations are entirely exempt.  Religiously affiliated hospitals or universities or NGOs simply have to attest that they have a religious objection, in which case they are not required to provide contraception although that employees of theirs who choose are able to obtain it through the insurance company.

And I pledged to continue to dialogue with the U.S. Conference of Bishops to make sure that we can strike the right balance, making sure that not only everybody has health care but families, and women in particular, are able to enjoy the kind of health care coverage that the AC offers, but that religious freedom is still observed.

Boehner, Pelosi Invite Pope To Address Joint Session of Congress

As Pope Francis marks his first anniversary as Pontiff, House Speaker John Boehner announced yesterday that he has extended an open invitation to Pope Francis to address a joint meeting of the U.S. Congress, saying in part:

His tireless call for the protection of the most vulnerable among us—the ailing, the disadvantaged, the unemployed, the impoverished, the unborn—has awakened hearts on every continent....

Many in the United States ... have embraced Pope Francis’ reminder that we cannot meet our responsibility to the poor with a welfare mentality based on business calculations.  We can meet it only with personal charity on the one hand and sound, inclusive policies on the other.

The Holy Father’s pastoral message challenges people of all faiths, ideologies and political parties.  His address as a visiting head of state before a joint meeting of the House and Senate would honor our nation in keeping with the best traditions of our democratic institutions.  It would also offer an excellent opportunity for the American people as well as the nations of the world to hear his message in full.

Time reports that House minority leader Nancy Pelosi issued a statement joining in the invitation.

Pope Francis Issues Important Document On The Future of the Church, Including Role of Religion In Modern Society

As reported by Vatican Radio, yesterday Pope Francis issued an important 224-page document (full text in English) titled Evangelii Gaudium ("The Joy of the Gospel"). The wide-ranging "Apostolic Exhortation" sets out the Pope's vision for the Catholic Church. In a section captioned Social dialogue in a context of religious freedom, the Pope speaks broadly of the role of religion in today's pluralistic society, saying in part:

255. The Synod Fathers spoke of the importance of respect for religious freedom, viewed as a fundamental human right... This includes “the freedom to choose the religion which one judges to be true and to manifest one’s beliefs in public”... A healthy pluralism ... does not entail privatizing religions in an attempt to reduce them to the quiet obscurity of the individual’s conscience or to relegate them to the enclosed precincts of churches, synagogues or mosques. This would represent, in effect, a new form of discrimination and authoritarianism. The respect due to the agnostic or non-believing minority should not be arbitrarily imposed in a way that silences the convictions of the believing majority or ignores the wealth of religious traditions. In the long run, this would feed resentment rather than tolerance and peace.

256. .... Intellectuals and serious journalists frequently descend to crude and superficial generalizations in speaking of the shortcomings of religion, and often prove incapable of realizing that not all believers – or religious leaders – are the same. Some politicians take advantage of this confusion to justify acts of discrimination. At other times, contempt is shown for writings which reflect religious convictions.... Is it reasonable and enlightened to dismiss certain writings simply because they arose in a context of religious belief? These writings include principles which are profoundly humanistic and, albeit tinged with religious symbols and teachings, they have a certain value for reason.

257. As believers, we also feel close to those who do not consider themselves part of any religious tradition, yet sincerely seek the truth, goodness and beauty which we believe have their highest expression and source in God. We consider them as precious allies in the commitment to defending human dignity, in building peaceful coexistence between peoples and in protecting creation....