Showing posts with label North Carolina. Show all posts
Showing posts with label North Carolina. Show all posts

Tuesday, April 14, 2020

Suit Challenges Enforcement of COVID-19 Orders Against Pro-Life Activists

Suit was filed today in a North Carolina federal district court seeking to enjoin city of Greensboro and Guilford County officials from applying COVID-19 orders to prevent anti-abortion activists from walking and praying in front of abortion clinics.  The complaint (full text) in Global Impact Ministries, Inc. v. City of Greensboro, (MD NC, filed 4/14/2020) contends:
The County has passed, and the City is enforcing, regulations limiting the operations of certain businesses and activities, and imposing social distancing requirements in response to the recent pandemic, but those requirements have been applied in an inconsistent and unconstitutional manner with respect to peaceful conduct and charitable religious activities in Greensboro. 
ADF issued a press release announcing the filing of the lawsuit.

Thursday, March 12, 2020

Christian Evangelists May Move Ahead With Part of Their Challenges To Restrictions On Them At City Festival

In O'Connell v. City of New Bern, North Carolina, (ED NC, March 10, 2020), a North Carolina federal district court allowed two Christian evangelists to move ahead with certain of their claims of unconstitutional treatment at the city's Mumfest-- an annual fall festival held in the historic downtown district.  The court held that the city did not infringe plaintiffs' 1st Amendment rights in barring them from carrying a nine-foot tall cross, using a loud megaphone to proselytize, or distributing literature, all in violation of city ordinances. The court did however allow plaintiffs to move ahead with their free speech and free exercise challenges to an officer moving them from the roadway to the sidewalk and placing a beeping firetruck and then a beeping utility cart between them and festival attendees who had gathered in the intersection.  The court said in part:
Defendant Conway testified that he ... placed a beeping cart in between plaintiffs and festival attendees because people were “getting aggravated” and “becoming aggressive” towards plaintiffs’ group.... Defendant Conway testified that individuals waived a rainbow flag in plaintiff O’Connell’s face and yelled at him.... In the past, individuals threw Mountain Dew bottles at plaintiff O’Connell, threatened plaintiff O’Connell with violence, and assaulted the police officers guarding plaintiff O’Connell....  Because “[l]isteners’ reaction to speech is not a content-neutral basis for regulation,” the court applies strict scrutiny to defendant Conway’s decision to order plaintiffs to the sidewalk and place a beeping cart between them and festival attendees in 2015.

Sunday, September 01, 2019

City's Special Events Ordinance Partly Upheld

In Shook v. City of Lincolnton, NC(WD NC, Aug.29, 2019). a North Carolina federal district court agreed with only part of a challenge by a group of Christian street preachers to a city's Special Event and Unnecessary Noise Ordinances. the court said in part:
[T]he Court will grant Plaintiff’s preliminary injunction [as to] the portion of the Special Events Ordinance prohibiting “[a]ny conduct deemed to be disruptive . . . to participants or attendees of the special event” and “[a]busive . . . language that disrupts a special event or festival.” However, the City may still enforce the ... [ban on] "language ... that abuses or threatens another person in a manner likely to cause a fight or brawl at a special event or festival,” “... conduct deemed to be ... dangerous to participants or attendees of the special event,” and “threatening language that disrupts a special event or festival.”
The court also upheld the city's Unnecessary Noise ban.

Thursday, August 29, 2019

Suit Challenges North Carolina County's Refusal To Recognize Marriages Performed By Universal Life Clergy

Suit was filed this week in a North Carolina federal district court challenging the refusal by the Cleveland County, North Carolina marriage official to issue marriage licenses to couples whose weddings were performed by Universal Life Church (ULC) ministers. ULC ordains anyone "who feels the call" as a minister. Ordination takes place online for free and credentials are sent to applicants by mail. North Carolina Gen. Stat. §51-1 allows "an ordained minister of any religious denomination to officiate at weddings.  The complaint (full text) in Universal Life Church Monastery Storehouse v. Harnage, (WD NC, filed 8/26/2019), alleges violation of the Establishment, Equal Protection and Free exercise clauses, as well as of Art. VI and of the North Carolina constitution, saying in part:
Defendant’s apparent policy of refusing to recognize the validity of marriages performed by ULC Monastery ministers officially prefers certain religions or religious denominations over ULC Monastery by allowing other religious leaders to solemnize marriages but declining to extend that same benefit to ULC Monastery ministers.
Charlotte Observer reports on the lawsuit.

Friday, August 23, 2019

Deputy Sheriff Sues Over Refusal To Accommodate His Practice of the "Billy Graham Rule"

Christianity Today reports on a federal lawsuit filed last month by a deputy sheriff who was fired after he refused to train a female deputy because it would require him to spend significant amounts of time alone with her in his patrol car.  The suit, filed on July 31 in the Eastern District of North Carolina, says that deputy Manuel Torres, a Baptist deacon, practices the so-called "Billy Graham Rule" under which he will not be alone with a member of the opposite sex except for his wife.

Thursday, March 28, 2019

N.C. 20-Week Abortion Ban Partially Enjoined

In Bryant v. Woodall, (MD NC, March 25, 2019), a North Carolina federal district court enjoined enforcement of North Carolina's ban on abortions during or after the 20th week of pregnancy to the extent that the ban covers pre-viability abortions. Washington Post reports on the decision.

Tuesday, December 11, 2018

Injunction Denied Against Picketing Ordinance

In O'Connell v. City of New Bern, North Carolina, (ED NC, Dec. 10, 2018), a North Carolina federal district court refused to grant a preliminary injunction to block enforcement of the city's ordinance that regulates picketing.  Plaintiff wanted to share his religious, social and political message near MumFest, but was prevented from handing out literature and carrying a cross.

Wednesday, November 21, 2018

Ecclesiastical Abstention Does Not Require Dismissal of Negligent Supervision Claim

In Bourque v. Roman Catholic Diocese of Charlotte, NC, (NC App., Nov. 20, 2018), a North Carolina appellate court held that the ecclesiastical abstention doctrine does not require dismissal of a suit alleging negligent supervision and negligent infliction of emotional distress. However it does require dismissal of a negligent hiring claim. The suit alleges that a male church youth leader raped a 14-year old female who sought counsel from him about being bullied. Four years later, he repeatedly raped her again. The court said in part:
Plaintiffs’ claim is not barred by the First Amendment because determining whether Bishop Jugis and the Diocese knew or had reason to know of Defendant’s proclivities for sexual wrongdoing requires only the application of neutral principles of tort law, and “the application of a secular standard to secular conduct that is tortious is not prohibited by the Constitution.”

Tuesday, July 03, 2018

Cert. Denied In Michigan Legislative Prayer Case

Last week the U.S. Supreme Court denied certiorari in Bormuth v. Jackson County, Michigan, (Docket No. 17-7220, cert. denied June 28, 2018). (Order List).  In the case, the 6th Circuit sitting en banc in a 9-6 decision upheld the invocation practices of the Jackson County Board of Commissioners.  At issue was whether the Establishment Clause is violated when invocations-- virtually all of them Christian-- are offered by elected Commissioners themselves rather than by a chaplain or invited clergy. (See prior posting.)  The denial of review came on the same day that the Supreme Court (as previously reported) also denied certiorari in a 4th Circuit legislative prayer case-- Rowan County, North Carolina v. Lund which took a contrary view in a similar situation. In the Rowan County case, Justice Thomas, joined by Justice Gorsuch, filed an opinion dissenting from the denial of certiorari, saying in part::
[T]he Sixth and Fourth Circuits are now split on the legality of legislator-led prayer. State and local lawmakers can lead prayers in Tennessee, Kentucky, Ohio, and Michigan, but not in South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, Maryland, or West Virginia. This Court should have stepped in to resolve this conflict.
[Thanks to Blog From the Capital for the lead on Bormuth.]

Friday, June 29, 2018

Cert. Denied, Over 2 Dissents, In Legislative Prayer Case

The U.S. Supreme Court yesterday denied review in Rowan County, North Carolina v. Lund, (cert. denied 6/28/2018), but with Justice Thomas, joined by Justice Gorsuch, filing an opinion dissenting from the denial of certiorari. (Full text).  In the case,  the U.S. 4th Circuit Court of Appeals sitting en banc held by a 10-5 vote that the prayer practices of the Rowan County Board of Commissioners, in which commissioners themselves deliver invocations, violate the Establishment Clause. (See prior posting.) Charlotte Observer reports on the denial of certiorari and reactions to it.

Tuesday, June 12, 2018

Church Sues, Surprised By Zoning Law Change

A suit was filed last week in a North Carolina federal district court by a small church challenging the zoning regulations that prevent it from using space it rented and renovated for worship services.  The complaint (full text) in At the Cross Fellowship Baptist Church Inc v. City of Monroe, North Carolina, (WD NC, filed 6/4/2018), recounts that the church leased the space after being assured by the landlord that another church had operated there in the recent past.  However, unknown to the church, an amended zoning law had been enacted in the interim which did not include churches as a permitted use there. The complaint alleges that the zoning ordinance violates its rights under RLUIPA and under the 1st and 14th Amendments.  ADF issued a press release announcing the filing of the lawsuit.

Sunday, February 18, 2018

Mother Held In Contempt For Ignoring Custody Order Giving Father Control of Religious Decisions

The Charlotte Observer last week reported that a North Carolina state Superior Court judge has upheld a contempt conviction of 36-year old Kendra Stocks for disobeying a court order regarding custody of her daughter. One day after a district court judge gave full custody, specifically including decisions concerning religion, of Stocks' 3-year old daughter to the child's father, Stocks went ahead with a previously-planned baptism of the child. She did not inform the father of the planned ceremony; he learned of it through Stocks' Facebook postings. The Superior Court reduced Stocks contempt sentence from ten to seven days. [Thanks to Scott Mange for the lead.]

Friday, November 17, 2017

Former Church Members Question Settlement of Suit Against Child Protection Officials

Former members of the North Carolina-based World of Faith Fellowship (WOFF) will ask the North Carolina attorney general to seek review a settlement agreement reached 12 years ago in a suit against the Rutherford County Department of Social Services by 12 members of WOFF. The plaintiffs claimed they were being targeted by Social Services because of their religion. AP now reports:
An ongoing Associated Press investigation has exposed years of abuse in the evangelical sect, with dozens of former members saying congregants are regularly beaten, punched and choked in an effort to "purify" sinners.
... [T]he state had opposed the agreement between Word of Faith and the county social services agency because it contains stipulations that limit such investigative tactics as what can trigger an abuse inquiry and how social workers can question minors....
Several former members have told the AP that [child protection director] Carroll’s department has either cited the settlement in refusing to act on child abuse allegations or given Word of Faith members advance notice of investigations.

Tuesday, October 31, 2017

Catholic Nurse Sues Duke University Hospital Seeking Religious Accommodation

A lawsuit was filed last week against Duke University and the Duke University Health System by a Catholic emergency department nurse who claims that Duke University Hospital discriminated against her because she requested accommodation of her religious beliefs.  The complaint (full text) in Pedro v. Duke University, (MD NC, filed 10/27/2017), alleges in part:
7. Because of her Catholic faith, [plaintiff] objects to assisting in abortions, dispensing birth control and contraceptives, and receiving as well as administering vaccines. Ms. Pedro’s employer, Defendant Duke, discriminated against her because of these religious beliefs and practices.
8. Furthermore, after Ms. Pedro made known her religious beliefs and requested religious accommodations, Defendant Duke subjected her to a degrading series of actions designed to punish and retaliate against her for engaging in federally-protected activity.
Apparently the Hospital was willing to accommodate Pedro's objection to receiving vaccines, but not her objection to participating in abortions.

Thomas More Law Center issued a press release announcing the filing of the lawsuit.

Saturday, July 15, 2017

4th Circuit En Banc: Rowan County's Invocation Practice Violates Establishment Clause

In Lund v. Rowan County, North Carolina, (4th Cir., July 14, 2017), the U.S. 4th Circuit Court of appeals sitting en banc held by a 10-5 vote that the prayer practices of the Rowan County Board of Commissioners violates the Establishment Clause. Judge Wilkinson’s 42-page majority opinion reads in part:
We conclude that the Constitution does not allow what happened in Rowan County. The prayer practice served to identify the government with Christianity and risked conveying to citizens of minority faiths a message of exclusion. And because the commissioners were the exclusive prayer-givers, Rowan County’s invocation practice falls well outside the more inclusive, minister-oriented practice of legislative prayer described in Town of Greece. Indeed, if elected representatives invite their constituents to participate in prayers invoking a single faith for meeting upon meeting, year after year, it is difficult to imagine constitutional limits to sectarian prayer practice.
The great promise of the Establishment Clause is that religion will not operate as an instrument of division in our nation. Consistent with this principle, there is a time- honored tradition of legislative prayer that reflects the respect of each faith for other faiths and the aspiration, common to so many creeds, of finding higher meaning and deeper purpose in these fleeting moments each of us spends upon this earth. Instead of drawing on this tradition, Rowan County elevated one religion above all others and aligned itself with that faith. It need not be so. As the history of legislative invocations demonstrates, the desire of this good county for prayer at the opening of its public sessions can be realized in many ways that further both religious exercise and religious tolerance.
Judge Motz, joined by Judges Keenan and Harris, filed a concurring opinion emphasizing that the majority’s holding is consistent with Supreme Court precedent in Marsh and Town of Greece cases.

Judge Niemeyer, joined by Judge Shedd, filed a dissenting opinion arguing that the majority opinion “actively undermines the appropriate role of prayer in American civic life.”  Judge Agee also filed a dissenting opinion which was joined by Judges Niemeyer, Traxler, Shedd, and Diaz, arguing that the majority opinion is “irreconcilable” with Marsh and Town of Greece.  Charlotte Observer reports on the decision.

Thursday, June 29, 2017

No Taxpayer Standing To Challenge North Carolina Conscience Law Excusing Magistrates From Performing Marriages

In Ansley v. Warren, (4th Cir., June 28, 2017), the U.S. 4th Circuit Court of Appeals dismissed on standing grounds an Establishment Clause challenge to North Carolina's Senate Bill 2 which allows state magistrates who have religious objections to same-sex marriage to recuse themselves from performing all marriages.  (See prior posting.)  The court said in part:
The outcome here is in no way a comment on same-sex marriage as a matter of social policy. The case before us is far more technical—whether plaintiffs, simply by virtue of their status as state taxpayers, have alleged a personal, particularized injury for the purposes of Article III standing. Based on a century of Supreme Court precedent, we conclude that they have not.
Asheville Citizen-Times reports on the decision.

Friday, May 12, 2017

4th Circuit Hears Oral Arguments On North Carolina's Magistrate Recusal Law

The U.S. 4th Circuit Court of Appeals on Wednesday heard oral argument (audio of full arguments) in Ansley v. Warren (Docket No. 16-2082). In the case, a North Carolina federal district court dismissed for lack of standing an Establishment Clause challenge to North Carolina's S.B. 2 that allows magistrates who have religious objections to performing same-sex marriages to recuse themselves from performing any marriages. (See prior posting.)  AP reports on the oral arguments.

Wednesday, May 03, 2017

Defamation Suit Against Minister Not Necessarily Barred By Ecclesiastical Abstention Doctrine

Lippard v. Holleman, (NC App., May 2, 2017) is a case in which plaintiff Kim Lippard who was fired as church pianist and vocalist in a Baptist church where she had served for 34 years sued the church's senior minister and its minister of music for defamation. Her husband also sued. Kim's firing ultimately went through the board of deacons, the church's personnel committee and then was referred to a meeting of the entire congregation.  It was alleged, among other charges, that at the meeting the senior minister read a "twenty page diatribe" against Kim and her husband.  In the case, the court of appeals vacated the trial court's dismissal of the suit, in part on procedural grounds.  But the court also refused to conclude that the ecclesiastical abstention doctrine required dismissal of the suit, saying in part:
Our courts have not yet considered whether a statement issued by a religious leader or made from the pulpit creates an actionable defamation claim capable of adjudication under neutral principles of tort law. However, several federal courts and out-of-state courts have confronted this question and concluded the First Amendment does not create a categorical bar to such defamation claims....
This line between an ecclesiastical and a secular dispute can be difficult to discern, and requires an intensive inquiry into the relevant facts and applicable laws. Defamation and religious questions are legally contextual. Libel may sometimes cloak itself in religious terminology, but that would not prevent civil adjudication of a claim.

Friday, March 31, 2017

North Carolina Repeals "Bathroom Law", But Pre-Empts Local Regulation

North Carolina Governor Roy Cooper yesterday signed into law House Bill 142 (full text), a compromise bill that repeals H.B. 2, the state's controversial "bathroom law" that restricted use of restrooms and locker rooms in public schools and government offices by transgender individuals. (See prior posting.) The new law also repeals Session Law 2016-99, and thus apparently eliminates any private action under state law for employment discrimination. The new law prohibits local governments, state universities and state agencies from enacting their own regulation of access to multiple occupancy restrooms, showers, or changing facilities.  It also prohibits local governments until Dec. 1, 2020 from enacting or amending any ordinance regulating private employment practices or public accommodations.  In his remarks (full text) in signing H.B. 142, Gov. Cooper said in part:
This law I’m signing today is not just about North Carolina’s reputation – or jobs and sports. It’s about working to end discrimination. Under HB2, North Carolina had zero LGBT protections. Today’s law not only provides for LGBT protections, but opens the door for more.
 This is not a perfect deal or my preferred solution. It stops short of many things we need to do as a state.
 In a perfect world, we would have repealed HB2 today and added full statewide protections for LGBT North Carolinians. Unfortunately, our supermajority Republican legislature will not pass these protections. But this is an important goal that I will keep fighting for.
Washington Post reports on these developments.

Thursday, January 26, 2017

Suit Attacks Sex Offender Registry Law As Restricting Religious Freedom

A federal civil rights lawsuit was filed this week challenging the extensive restrictions imposed by North Carolina's Sex Offender Registration Law.  The complaint (full text) in National Association for Rational Sexual Offense Laws v. Stein, (MD NC, filed 1/23/2017) asserts that those on the registry are banned from living in many areas, working in many jobs and being present in places such as libraries, colleges and houses of worship. The 88-page complaint contends that the restrictions infringe various 1st and 14th Amendment rights of registrants, including their free exercise of religion. Because almost all churches have youth activities, restrictions on registrants being near areas primarily intended for use by minors or where minors frequently congregate mean mean that registrants are unable to attend church services. NARSOL issued a press release announcing the filing of the lawsuit.